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國家(jia)環(huan)境監管能力建設“十二五(wu)”規劃(hua)發(fa)布(bu)

投(tou)資四百億(yi)提升環境監管能(neng)力

　　中國環(huan)境報訊環(huan)境保護部、國家發展改革委(wei)、財政部近日聯合印發《國家環(huan)境監管能力(li)建(jian)設“十二五”規劃(hua)》（以下簡稱《規劃(hua)》），以總量減排、質量改善、風險(xian)防范、基礎(chu)完善為(wei)著力(li)點，在環(huan)境監測、監察、預警、應急、信(xin)息、評估、統計、科(ke)技、宣教等領域(yu)開(kai)展能力(li)建(jian)設，切實(shi)加強(qiang)環(huan)境監管能力(li)。

　　《規劃》提出，環境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)是環境(jing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組成部分，是實現環境(jing)保(bao)護目(mu)標(biao)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)保(bao)障，是推進環境(jing)基本公共服務均等(deng)化的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)內容(rong)。圍繞環境(jing)保(bao)護“總(zong)量減排、質量改善、風險防范、均衡發展”目(mu)標(biao)要(yao)求，在污染源與總(zong)量減排監管(guan)(guan)能力(li)全面提高、環境(jing)質量監測與評估考核能力(li)顯著提升、環境(jing)預警與應(ying)急能力(li)系(xi)統加(jia)強、環境(jing)綜合(he)監督管(guan)(guan)理(li)基礎設施基本完善等(deng)4個方面提出環境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)能力(li)建(jian)設的(de)目(mu)標(biao)。

　　《規劃》明確，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2015年，全(quan)國(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)構裝(zhuang)備(bei)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)85%，地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)(ji)動(dong)車、污染(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技支撐和統計能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)顯著(zhu)增(zeng)強(qiang)。全(quan)國(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)基本(ben)設(she)備(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)基本(ben)實(shi)現標(biao)準化(hua)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)全(quan)部達(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)。中(zhong)央本(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)顯著(zhu)加強(qiang)。重金屬(shu)、危(wei)險(xian)廢物、危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學品、放射(she)(she)性物質(zhi)等污染(ran)事(shi)件(jian)防范水平顯著(zhu)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)具(ju)備(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)應急監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)基本(ben)具(ju)備(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應急管(guan)理機(ji)(ji)構二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)70%以上(shang)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)構二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)100%。國(guo)家(jia)、省級(ji)(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)準化(hua)要(yao)求(qiu)，初步具(ju)備(bei)相對(dui)獨立、較(jiao)為完整的(de)安(an)全(quan)分析(xi)評價、校核(he)計算和實(shi)驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)(she)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)(yu)核(he)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展同步提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。建成一批市(shi)、縣環(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。建設(she)國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)規劃與(yu)(yu)(yu)工程(cheng)評估、華北環(huan)(huan)保(bao)督查中(zhong)心綜合業(ye)(ye)務(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)(she)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術(shu)研發(fa)基地(di)，基本(ben)建成6個(ge)區域性核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)(she)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督站(zhan)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。地(di)市(shi)以上(shang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息與(yu)(yu)(yu)宣教機(ji)(ji)構設(she)備(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)準化(hua)要(yao)求(qiu)。

　　《規劃(hua)》要求，一是提升污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)減排(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)水平。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)現場執法(fa)裝備配置，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法(fa)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)與(yu)驗收工作；完(wan)善污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)網絡，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)中心與(yu)重(zhong)點(dian)行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)；強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)數(shu)據(ju)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)制，促進自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)數(shu)據(ju)應用；啟動機動車(che)與(yu)農業面源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，拓(tuo)展(zhan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)領域；加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統計能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，提升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統計對總量(liang)(liang)(liang)減排(pai)等重(zhong)點(dian)工作支撐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)信息能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)基礎，推進物聯網在(zai)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)減排(pai)中的應用。二是提高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)評(ping)估(gu)考核(he)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。填(tian)平補(bu)齊，繼(ji)續(xu)推進環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測標(biao)準化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)；提高空(kong)氣、揮(hui)發性有機物、重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)等新(xin)增指標(biao)的監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；優化(hua)(hua)完(wan)善國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測網；利用衛(wei)星遙(yao)感和(he)地面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測手段，開展(zhan)生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評(ping)價；完(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，實(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)。三是加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預警(jing)與(yu)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。提升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，形成(cheng)相對獨立、較為(wei)完(wan)整的核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)(quan)分(fen)析(xi)評(ping)價、校核(he)計算和(he)實(shi)驗驗證能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；提高重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)、危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物及(ji)危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品風(feng)險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，實(shi)現對危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物和(he)危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品等處置、運(yun)輸和(he)轉移的全(quan)(quan)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預警(jing)網絡，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)指揮(hui)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)平臺網絡，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)響(xiang)應能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)技術支撐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。四是夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理基礎，推進環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理基礎體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。

　　《規(gui)(gui)劃》指出，結合四大(da)領域任(ren)務，實施基礎(chu)、保(bao)障(zhang)、人才(cai)等三大(da)工(gong)程(cheng)，規(gui)(gui)劃總投資(zi)400億元。基礎(chu)工(gong)程(cheng)包括(kuo)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)、應(ying)急(ji)、信(xin)息(xi)、評估(gu)、宣(xuan)教等能力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)和標準化建(jian)設(she)、新增主要(yao)污染物監(jian)(jian)(jian)管能力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)等10項。保(bao)障(zhang)工(gong)程(cheng)包括(kuo)污染源與總量減排(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管運行保(bao)障(zhang)、環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測與評估(gu)運行保(bao)障(zhang)等4項。人才(cai)工(gong)程(cheng)包括(kuo)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)、應(ying)急(ji)、信(xin)息(xi)、評估(gu)、宣(xuan)教等8項。全面提(ti)(ti)升環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管能力(li)(li)，為實現“十二五”環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護目(mu)標、建(jian)設(she)生態文明提(ti)(ti)供(gong)有(you)力(li)(li)保(bao)障(zhang)。

　　為確保(bao)順利實施，《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》要求，切實加強組織(zhi)領導，全面推進(jin)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)實施。統籌(chou)國家(jia)與地(di)方(fang)環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、各專項規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接(jie)、配套(tao)，建立并完善項目(mu)庫(ku)，提高項目(mu)儲(chu)備能(neng)力。明確中央與地(di)方(fang)事權(quan)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)，將環(huan)境監管(guan)(guan)能(neng)力建設(she)和(he)運(yun)行費用(yong)納(na)入各級財政預算予以(yi)重點(dian)保(bao)障，確保(bao)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)到位。加強項目(mu)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)監管(guan)(guan)，實施項目(mu)績效(xiao)評估，提高資(zi)(zi)金(jin)使用(yong)效(xiao)益。加強環(huan)境監管(guan)(guan)人才隊伍建設(she)，實施人才體(ti)制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)創新，提升人才發(fa)展的(de)基礎保(bao)障能(neng)力。建立健全規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)實施定期通報和(he)評估制(zhi)度，適(shi)時對規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)執行情況(kuang)進(jin)行期末(mo)評估。

 來源（中國環境報）