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國家環境監管能力建設“十二五”規劃發布

投資四百億提升(sheng)環境監管能力

　　中(zhong)國環(huan)(huan)境(jing)報(bao)訊環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護部(bu)、國家發展(zhan)(zhan)改革委(wei)、財(cai)政部(bu)近日聯合印(yin)發《國家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)能力建(jian)設“十二五”規劃》（以下簡稱《規劃》），以總量減排、質量改善、風險防范、基礎(chu)完善為著力點，在環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測、監察、預警、應急、信息、評估、統計、科(ke)技、宣教等領域開展(zhan)(zhan)能力建(jian)設，切實加強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)能力。

　　《規劃》提出，環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理的重要組成部(bu)分，是(shi)實(shi)現環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護目(mu)(mu)標(biao)的重要保障(zhang)，是(shi)推(tui)進環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)基(ji)本公共服務均(jun)等化的重要內容(rong)。圍繞環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護“總量(liang)減(jian)排、質量(liang)改善、風險防范(fan)、均(jun)衡發展”目(mu)(mu)標(biao)要求，在污(wu)染源與總量(liang)減(jian)排監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)全面(mian)提高、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)測與評估考核能(neng)(neng)力(li)顯著提升(sheng)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與應急能(neng)(neng)力(li)系統加強、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)督管(guan)理基(ji)礎設(she)施基(ji)本完善等4個方(fang)面(mian)提出環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)建設(she)的目(mu)(mu)標(biao)。

　　《規劃》明(ming)確，到(dao)(dao)2015年，全國縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)察機(ji)構(gou)(gou)裝備(bei)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)85%，地(di)市(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)動車、污染源監(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技支撐和統計能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著增強(qiang)。全國縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)設(she)(she)備(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，地(di)市(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)實現(xian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)全部達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)。中央本(ben)(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著加強(qiang)。重金屬、危(wei)險廢物(wu)、危(wei)險化(hua)學品、放射(she)性物(wu)質等污染事(shi)件防范水平顯著提高(gao)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)具(ju)備(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的應急(ji)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)具(ju)備(bei)預(yu)警(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)管(guan)理機(ji)構(gou)(gou)二級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)70%以上，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)二級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)100%。國家(jia)、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)輻射(she)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)要求(qiu)，初(chu)步具(ju)備(bei)相(xiang)對獨立、較(jiao)為完(wan)整(zheng)的安全分析評價、校核計算和實驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，核與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)(yu)核事(shi)業(ye)發(fa)展同(tong)步提高(gao)。建(jian)(jian)成一批市(shi)(shi)(shi)、縣環保(bao)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)務(wu)用房(fang)(fang)。建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)國家(jia)環境(jing)(jing)規劃與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)程評估(gu)、華(hua)北環保(bao)督查(cha)中心(xin)綜(zong)合業(ye)務(wu)用房(fang)(fang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)國家(jia)核與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術研發(fa)基(ji)(ji)地(di)，基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)建(jian)(jian)成6個區域性核與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)(jian)督站(zhan)業(ye)務(wu)用房(fang)(fang)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)(shi)以上環境(jing)(jing)信息(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)宣教機(ji)構(gou)(gou)設(she)(she)備(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)要求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要求，一是(shi)(shi)提(ti)升污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與總量(liang)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)水(shui)平。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)現(xian)場執法(fa)裝備配置，落(luo)實監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)執法(fa)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)與驗收工(gong)作(zuo)；完(wan)(wan)善污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)網(wang)絡，落(luo)實監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)中心與重(zhong)點(dian)行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)；強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)與數據質量(liang)控(kong)(kong)制，促進自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)數據應用；啟動(dong)機動(dong)車與農(nong)業面(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，拓展(zhan)污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)領域；加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統計(ji)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統計(ji)對(dui)(dui)總量(liang)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)等(deng)重(zhong)點(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；夯(hang)(hang)實環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)基(ji)礎，推(tui)進物聯網(wang)在污(wu)染(ran)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)中的(de)應用。二是(shi)(shi)提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)與評估考核(he)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。填平補(bu)齊，繼續推(tui)進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)標準化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)；提(ti)高空(kong)氣、揮(hui)(hui)發性(xing)有(you)機物、重(zhong)金屬(shu)等(deng)新(xin)增(zeng)指標的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；優化(hua)(hua)完(wan)(wan)善國(guo)家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)網(wang)；利用衛(wei)星遙感和地面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)手段，開展(zhan)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)評價(jia)；完(wan)(wan)善環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考核(he)體系(xi)，實施環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考核(he)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與應急(ji)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)理(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)核(he)與輻(fu)射安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，形成(cheng)相對(dui)(dui)獨立(li)、較為完(wan)(wan)整的(de)核(he)與輻(fu)射安全分析評價(jia)、校核(he)計(ji)算和實驗驗證能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；提(ti)高重(zhong)金屬(shu)、危(wei)險(xian)廢物及危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品風險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，實現(xian)對(dui)(dui)危(wei)險(xian)廢物和危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品等(deng)處(chu)置、運輸和轉移的(de)全面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)；建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預警網(wang)絡，建(jian)立(li)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急(ji)指揮(hui)(hui)系(xi)統和平臺網(wang)絡，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急(ji)響應能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和應急(ji)技術支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。四是(shi)(shi)夯(hang)(hang)實環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎，推(tui)進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎體系(xi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。

　　《規(gui)劃》指出，結合四(si)大領(ling)域(yu)任務，實施(shi)基礎、保(bao)(bao)障、人才(cai)等(deng)三大工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，規(gui)劃總投資400億元。基礎工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括環境監測、監察、應(ying)急、信息、評(ping)估、宣教等(deng)能力(li)建設和標準(zhun)化建設、新增主要污染(ran)物監管能力(li)建設等(deng)10項。保(bao)(bao)障工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括污染(ran)源與(yu)總量減(jian)排監管運行保(bao)(bao)障、環境監測與(yu)評(ping)估運行保(bao)(bao)障等(deng)4項。人才(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括環境監測、監察、應(ying)急、信息、評(ping)估、宣教等(deng)8項。全面提升環境監管能力(li)，為實現“十二(er)五(wu)”環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)目標、建設生態(tai)文明提供有力(li)保(bao)(bao)障。

　　為確(que)(que)保(bao)順(shun)利實施，《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》要求，切實加(jia)強(qiang)組織領(ling)導，全面推進(jin)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實施。統籌國(guo)家與地方(fang)環境(jing)保(bao)護規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、各(ge)專項規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)與《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套(tao)，建立并完善項目(mu)庫，提高項目(mu)儲(chu)備能(neng)力。明確(que)(que)中央與地方(fang)事權劃(hua)分，將環境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力建設和運行費用(yong)納入各(ge)級財(cai)政預算予以重點保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)，確(que)(que)保(bao)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)到位。加(jia)強(qiang)項目(mu)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)監(jian)管(guan)，實施項目(mu)績效(xiao)(xiao)評估，提高資(zi)(zi)金(jin)使用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)益。加(jia)強(qiang)環境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)人(ren)才(cai)隊(dui)伍建設，實施人(ren)才(cai)體制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)創新，提升人(ren)才(cai)發展(zhan)的(de)基礎保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)能(neng)力。建立健全規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實施定期通(tong)報和評估制(zhi)(zhi)度，適時(shi)對規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)執行情況進(jin)行期末評估。

 來源（中國環境報）