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國家(jia)環(huan)境監管能力建設“十二五”規劃發布

投資四(si)百億提升環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管能力

　　中國(guo)(guo)環境(jing)報訊環境(jing)保護(hu)部、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)發展改革委、財政部近(jin)日聯合(he)印發《國(guo)(guo)家(jia)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管能力(li)建設(she)“十二五”規劃(hua)》（以(yi)下簡稱《規劃(hua)》），以(yi)總量減排、質量改善(shan)、風險防范、基礎完(wan)善(shan)為著力(li)點，在環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)察、預警(jing)、應(ying)急、信息(xi)、評(ping)估、統計、科技、宣教等領域開展能力(li)建設(she)，切實加強環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管能力(li)。

　　《規劃(hua)》提(ti)出(chu)，環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管是環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)管理的重(zhong)要組(zu)成部分，是實現環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)目標(biao)的重(zhong)要保(bao)障，是推進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)基(ji)本公共服務均(jun)(jun)等(deng)(deng)化的重(zhong)要內容。圍繞環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)“總量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改善、風(feng)險防范、均(jun)(jun)衡發(fa)展”目標(biao)要求，在污染源(yuan)與總量(liang)減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)全(quan)面提(ti)高、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與評估考核能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)顯(xian)著(zhu)提(ti)升、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預(yu)警(jing)與應急能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)系統加強、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理基(ji)礎設(she)施基(ji)本完善等(deng)(deng)4個方面提(ti)出(chu)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建設(she)的目標(biao)。

　　《規(gui)劃(hua)》明確，到(dao)(dao)2015年(nian)，全(quan)國縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)構(gou)裝備(bei)(bei)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)85%，地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)動車、污染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技支(zhi)撐和(he)統計能(neng)(neng)力顯著增強(qiang)。全(quan)國縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)設備(bei)(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)實現(xian)標準化，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)部達(da)(da)(da)(da)標。中(zhong)央本(ben)(ben)(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力顯著加強(qiang)。重金屬、危險(xian)廢(fei)物、危險(xian)化學(xue)品、放(fang)射性(xing)物質(zhi)等污染事(shi)件(jian)防(fang)范水平顯著提(ti)高。地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的應(ying)急監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力。地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急管(guan)理機(ji)構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率達(da)(da)(da)(da)70%以上，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)100%。國家、省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)輻射環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)標準化要(yao)求(qiu)，初(chu)步(bu)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)相對獨立、較(jiao)為(wei)完整(zheng)的安(an)全(quan)分(fen)析評價、校核計算和(he)實驗驗證能(neng)(neng)力，核與輻射安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力與核事(shi)業(ye)發展同步(bu)提(ti)高。建(jian)成一批市、縣環(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)務用(yong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)。建(jian)設國家環(huan)境(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃(hua)與工程(cheng)評估、華(hua)北環(huan)保(bao)督(du)查中(zhong)心(xin)綜合(he)業(ye)務用(yong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)與國家核與輻射安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術研發基(ji)地，基(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)建(jian)成6個區域性(xing)核與輻射安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)站(zhan)(zhan)業(ye)務用(yong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)。地市以上環(huan)境(jing)(jing)信息與宣(xuan)教機(ji)構(gou)設備(bei)(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)標準化要(yao)求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要求(qiu)，一是(shi)(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)污(wu)(wu)染源(yuan)與總量(liang)(liang)減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)水平。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強現場執法(fa)裝備配置，落實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法(fa)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設與驗收(shou)工(gong)作；完善污(wu)(wu)染源(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)網(wang)(wang)絡，落實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)中(zhong)心與重(zhong)點行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)；強化(hua)污(wu)(wu)染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與數據(ju)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制，促進自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)數據(ju)應用(yong)；啟動機(ji)動車與農(nong)業面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，拓展污(wu)(wu)染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)領域；加(jia)(jia)(jia)強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計對(dui)總量(liang)(liang)減排等(deng)重(zhong)點工(gong)作支撐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信息能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)，推進物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)在污(wu)(wu)染減排中(zhong)的應用(yong)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與評(ping)(ping)估考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。填(tian)平補齊，繼續推進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)標(biao)準化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設；提(ti)高空氣、揮(hui)(hui)發(fa)性(xing)有機(ji)物、重(zhong)金(jin)屬等(deng)新增指標(biao)的監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；優化(hua)完善國家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網(wang)(wang)；利用(yong)衛星遙(yao)感和(he)地面(mian)(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)手段，開展生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)評(ping)(ping)價；完善環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)(he)體系，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)(he)(he)。三是(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與應急能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設。提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)(jia)(jia)強核(he)(he)(he)(he)與輻射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，形(xing)成相對(dui)獨立、較為完整的核(he)(he)(he)(he)與輻射安全(quan)分析評(ping)(ping)價、校核(he)(he)(he)(he)計算和(he)實(shi)(shi)驗驗證(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)高重(zhong)金(jin)屬、危(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢物及危(wei)(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學品風險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)現對(dui)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢物和(he)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學品等(deng)處置、運(yun)輸和(he)轉移的全(quan)面(mian)(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)；建(jian)(jian)設環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警網(wang)(wang)絡，建(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急指揮(hui)(hui)系統(tong)和(he)平臺網(wang)(wang)絡，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應急響應能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)應急技術支撐能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)夯實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)(li)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)，推進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)(li)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)體系建(jian)(jian)設。

　　《規劃》指(zhi)出，結合四大(da)領(ling)域任務(wu)，實施基礎、保障、人才(cai)等三大(da)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，規劃總投資400億元。基礎工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測、監察、應急、信(xin)息、評估(gu)、宣教等能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)和標準化建(jian)設(she)、新增(zeng)主(zhu)要污(wu)染物監管能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)等10項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。保障工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括污(wu)染源與(yu)總量減排(pai)監管運行保障、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測與(yu)評估(gu)運行保障等4項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。人才(cai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測、監察、應急、信(xin)息、評估(gu)、宣教等8項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。全面提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管能(neng)力，為實現“十二五”環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護目標、建(jian)設(she)生態文明提(ti)供有力保障。

　　為確(que)保(bao)順(shun)利實(shi)(shi)施，《規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》要求(qiu)，切實(shi)(shi)加(jia)強組織領導(dao)，全面推進規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)(shi)施。統籌國家(jia)與地方環(huan)境保(bao)護規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)、各專項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)與《規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》的銜(xian)接、配套，建(jian)立并完善項(xiang)目庫，提高項(xiang)目儲備能力(li)(li)。明確(que)中央與地方事權劃(hua)(hua)分，將環(huan)境監(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)和運行費(fei)用納入各級財(cai)政預算(suan)予以重(zhong)點保(bao)障，確(que)保(bao)資(zi)金(jin)到位(wei)。加(jia)強項(xiang)目資(zi)金(jin)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)，實(shi)(shi)施項(xiang)目績效評(ping)估(gu)，提高資(zi)金(jin)使(shi)用效益。加(jia)強環(huan)境監(jian)管(guan)(guan)人才隊(dui)伍建(jian)設(she)，實(shi)(shi)施人才體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創新，提升人才發展的基礎(chu)保(bao)障能力(li)(li)。建(jian)立健全規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)(shi)施定期通報和評(ping)估(gu)制(zhi)度，適時對規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)執(zhi)行情況(kuang)進行期末評(ping)估(gu)。

 來源（中國環境報）